The Girls in the Safe House性暴受害者庇護站裏的女孩們

Nepal is a country where nearly 80 percent of the population still lives below the poverty line. Like many other underdeveloped nations where patriarchy dominates and legal awareness among citizens remains weak, cases of sexual assault against minors have long been widespread in Nepal. In 2015, the number of reported cases of sexual abuse involving children under the age of ten was three times higher than in 2005. Among these, incidents of children being sexually assaulted by family members increased fourfold. In Nepal — a Buddhist country where openly discussing sex remains taboo — a combination of social constraints, including gender inequality, patriarchal traditions, the stigma of “family shame,” and pressure from within one’s own community, makes it extremely difficult to expose cases of sexual abuse committed by family members. In most cases, such incidents are resolved privately within families or extended kin groups, leaving victims without access to outside help. Many are forced to continue living under the same roof as their abuser, facing unimaginable psychological distress. Furthermore, the widespread lack of understanding about the psychological needs of victims makes reporting sexual violence and assisting survivors extremely difficult — and at times, even dangerous. Before 2013, the legal statute of limitations for prosecuting sexual assault cases in Nepal was only three months. In April 2013, following public outrage over the Aninila case, the period for filing such cases was extended to six months. However, this timeframe remains far too short, leaving many cases — particularly those involving minors — unresolved, with perpetrators rarely brought to justice. Antardristi Nepal, founded in 2003, is a non-governmental, non-profit organization dedicated to supporting young survivors of sexual abuse. Beyond raising public awareness about the social harm caused by sexual violence against children, the organization uses charitable donations to operate a safe house in Hetauda, a town about 130 kilometers east of Kathmandu. The Hetauda Safe House provides temporary shelter for minors who have been sexually assaulted by family members and cannot safely return home. There, survivors receive psychological counseling and social reintegration support. The youngest child ever taken into care was only two years old. In Nepal, organizations like Antardristi Nepal — which provide safe shelter and rehabilitation for young survivors of sexual violence — are extremely few in number and face ongoing challenges to their survival. Before 2012, Antardristi Nepal operated three safe houses — in Kathmandu, Pokhara, and Hetauda. The Kathmandu shelter was the only facility in the country dedicated to caring for boys who had been sexually abused. However, due to severe funding shortages, two of the three shelters were forced to close. Today, the Hetauda Safe House remains the organization’s only remaining refuge. 尼泊爾，是一個目前仍然有百分之八十的人口生活在貧困線以下的國家。 和其他男權主義盛行、公民法律意識淡薄的落後國家一樣，青少年性侵案件在尼泊爾長期高頻度發生。二零一五年，尼泊爾被報導的十歲以下兒童遭受性侵害的案件比二零零五年同類案件增加了三倍，其中兒童遭受家庭成員性侵犯的案件增加了四倍。 由於公開談論性在作為佛教國家的尼泊爾是大忌，加上傳統的男權社會造成的男女地位不平等，家醜不可外揚等諸多陋習的束縛以及來自同一族群成員的壓力，使得許多青少年被家庭成員性侵案件難以被揭露。多數情況下，此類案件只能在家庭或者家族內部範圍解決，受害人得不到來自外界的有效幫助，常常陷入不得不在日常生活中依然面對施暴者的尷尬境地，其心理壓力之大令人難以想像。此外，由於社會廣泛存在對受害者心理幹預不理解，使得報導此類事件、為受害者提供幫助變得非常困難，有時候甚至相當危險。 二零一三年前，尼泊爾性侵害案件的法定追訴期僅僅只有三個月。二零一三年四月Aninila案件發生後，在社會輿論的壓力下，追訴期才由之前的三個月延長到六個月。由於追訴期限太短，許多案件尤其是發生在青少年這一特殊群體裡的性侵害案件往往不了了之，施暴者難以被繩之以法。 Antardristi Nepal, 是一個二零零三年成立於尼泊爾，致力於關愛青少年性侵害受害者的非政府非盈利組織。該組織的工作不僅僅是向公眾宣講針對青少年的性犯罪給社會帶來的危害，也利用其募集到的慈善資金在位於加德滿都以東一百三十公里的Hetauda建立了Hetauda青少年性侵害受害者庇護所，庇護所臨時安置那些受到家庭成員性侵犯後暫時不適合住在家裏的青少年受害者並對這些受害者幼小心靈進行心理康復和社會再融合輔導，其收容過的最年輕的害受害者年齡僅為兩歲。 在尼泊爾，類似Antardristi Nepal這樣專門為青少年性侵害害受害者提供庇護的機構非常有限，且生存狀況也令人擔憂。Antardristi Nepal二零一二年前在Kathmandu，Pokhara以及Hetuada等三個地方分別有三個收容被性侵青少年的庇護所，其中在Kathmandu的庇護所專門收容被成人性侵的男童，但因為運營經費嚴重不足，目前三個庇護所只剩下在Hetuada的這一個。